Graphene is a new two-dimensional honeycomb carbonaceous material, which has many excellent properties due to its unique structure. The electron mobility of graphene (2x105cm2.v-1-s-1) is 100 times higher than that of silicon semiconductors. The mechanical properties of graphene are also excellent, as researchers have measured the Young's modulus of graphene by the tip of an atomic force microscope at 1TPa. graphene also has unique optical properties, with a single layer absorbing only 2.3 % of white light, for graphene with up to 5 layers. The light absorption increases linearly with the number of layers. Graphene has so many excellent properties that it can be used as an electronic device with excellent optoelectronic properties and has been widely investigated as a component in solar cells, sensors and displays. Graphene dispersions with a high concentration of stable dispersions have great application prospects for the preparation of graphene composites and the industrial production of transparent conductive films. However, graphene flakes are neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic and are also prone to agglomeration due to van der Waals forces, making them difficult to be stably dispersed in solution for long periods of time.

Surface modification of graphene, introduction of foreign molecules such as loaded nanoparticles, addition of surfactant molecules, introduction of macromolecules and doping with aromatic macromolecules are currently used, as well as the use of electrostatic repulsion of oxygen-containing functional groups within the reduced graphite oxide refining surface or at the edges to weaken the van der Waals forces between the lamellae to achieve stable dispersion. Stabilisation of graphene dispersion by adjusting the pH value of the dispersion medium without the addition of any surfactant or stabiliser has also been reported recently.

Currently, there are three main systems used to disperse graphene: (1) aqueous surfactant solutions; (2) organic solvents; and (3) super acids. However, the concentration of graphene dispersions obtained by using surfactants in aqueous solutions is low, with the highest value reported in the literature being only 0.3 mg/mL; organic solvents can yield higher concentrations of graphene dispersions, up to 1.2 mg/mL, but organic solvents are costly, have high boiling points and are not easily removed, which affects the subsequent application of graphene; the highest concentration of graphene dispersions can be obtained in superacid systems (2 mg/mL). The highest concentration of graphene dispersion (2mg/mL) can be obtained in a super acid system, but this system is highly acidic, requires high equipment and is not easy to control during operation, making it difficult to expand to other applications. If dispersions of high graphene concentration can be obtained in aqueous systems, this will undoubtedly facilitate the application of graphene in a wide range of applications.

WJ-WG01 is an aqueous graphene dispersion developed by Vigon Technology. It is compatible with most aqueous systems currently on the market and can be used as an additive in a variety of applications such as antibacterial fibre products, aqueous conductive coatings, aqueous thermal inks, aqueous heat dissipation coatings, lithium battery anode materials, etc. It can give the system good antibacterial, conductive and heat dissipation properties.